The global Freeze-dried Vegetable Powder Market Comprehensive Study analyzes and forecasts the market size across 6 regions and 24 countries for diverse segments -By Vegetable (Onion, Tomato, Potato, Carrot, Cabbage, Beans, Corn, Mushroom, Others), By Application (Ready-to-cook Food, Functional Food & Beverages, Dietary Supplements, Infant Food, Foodservice)
The Freeze-Dried Vegetable Powder Market focuses on the production and sale of powdered ingredients made from freeze-dried vegetables. These powders are used in cooking, baking, and as dietary supplements. The market is driven by increasing demand for natural and convenient food ingredients, rising popularity of freeze-dried products, and growing awareness about the benefits of nutrient-rich powders. Additionally, advancements in freeze-drying technologies and the expansion of product applications support market growth.
The market report analyses the leading companies in the industry including Chaucer Foods Ltd, DHM Ingredients, European freeze Dry, Freeze Dry Foods GmbH, Green Rootz, Halo Corp Co. Ltd, Mercer Foods LLC, Mevive International Food Ingredients, SouthAm Freeze Dry, Verum Ingredients Inc, and Others.
The most prominent trend in the Freeze-Dried Vegetable Powder Market is the increasing demand for plant-based and clean label ingredients. Consumers are becoming more health-conscious and seeking out natural, minimally processed ingredients that fit into their plant-based diets. This trend is driven by the rising interest in clean eating and the desire for transparent, ingredient-focused food products that offer both nutritional benefits and convenience.
The key driver of the Freeze-Dried Vegetable Powder Market is the growth in the health and wellness industry. As more consumers adopt healthier lifestyles and look for ways to enhance their nutritional intake, there is a higher demand for products that can easily be incorporated into daily diets. Freeze-dried vegetable powders, which are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, are increasingly used in health supplements, smoothies, and functional foods, driving market growth.
A significant opportunity in the Freeze-Dried Vegetable Powder Market lies in the development of specialized blends and formulations. By creating tailored vegetable powder blends that cater to specific health needs, such as immune support, energy enhancement, or detoxification, companies can attract health-conscious consumers. Offering innovative formulations that combine various vegetables to maximize health benefits can help differentiate products and capture a larger share of the growing market for functional food ingredients.
The Onion segment is the largest in the Freeze-dried Vegetable Powder Market by vegetable. This dominance is driven by the extensive use of freeze-dried onion powder as a versatile ingredient in various culinary applications, including soups, sauces, dressings, and seasonings. Freeze-dried onion powder offers a concentrated flavor, long shelf life, and ease of use, making it a preferred choice among food manufacturers and home cooks. The high demand for onion powder in the food processing industry supports its significant market share. Additionally, the continuous innovation in freeze-drying technology and the development of new onion powder formulations enhance its functionality and appeal. The extensive availability of freeze-dried onion powder in supermarkets, specialty stores, and online platforms further boosts its accessibility to a broad consumer base. The strong consumer demand for convenient and flavorful ingredients reinforces the dominant position of the onion segment in the market.
The Functional Food & Beverages segment is poised to grow the fastest in the Freeze-dried Vegetable Powder Market by application over the next five years. This rapid growth is driven by the increasing consumer demand for nutrient-rich and functional foods and beverages that offer health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Freeze-dried vegetable powders are used extensively in smoothies, health drinks, energy bars, and other functional food products for their concentrated nutrients, antioxidants, and fiber content. The growing trend of health and wellness supports the demand for freeze-dried vegetable powders in functional foods and beverages, as consumers seek to enhance their diets with more vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients. Additionally, the continuous innovation in product formulations and the development of new functional food and beverage products cater to diverse consumer preferences. The influence of health influencers and nutrition experts in promoting the benefits of functional foods and beverages also boosts the popularity and adoption of freeze-dried vegetable powders in this application. The expanding availability of functional food and beverage products in retail and online platforms enhances their accessibility to a wider audience, contributing to their fast growth.
The Potatoes segment is the largest in the Freeze-Dried Vegetables Market by product. This dominance is driven by the high consumer demand for freeze-dried potatoes, which are widely used in various food applications, including soups, stews, snacks, and ready-to-eat meals. Freeze-dried potatoes offer convenience, long shelf life, and versatility, making them a preferred choice among consumers and food manufacturers. The extensive use of freeze-dried potatoes in the food processing industry supports their significant market share. Additionally, the continuous innovation in freeze-dried potato products, including different cuts, flavors, and packaging options, enhances their functionality and appeal. The strong consumer demand for convenient and nutritious food products reinforces the dominant position of the potatoes segment in the market. The extensive availability of freeze-dried potatoes in supermarkets, health food stores, and online platforms further boosts their accessibility to a broad consumer base.
By Vegetable
Onion
Tomato
Potato
Carrot
Cabbage
Beans
Corn
Mushroom
Others
By Application
Ready-to-cook Food
Functional Food & Beverages
Dietary Supplements
Infant Food
Foodservice
Countries Analyzed
North America (US, Canada, Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Spain, Italy, Russia, Rest of Europe)
Asia Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, South East Asia, Rest of Asia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of South America)
Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Rest of Middle East, South Africa, Egypt, Rest of Africa)
Chaucer Foods Ltd
DHM Ingredients
European freeze Dry
Freeze Dry Foods GmbH
Green Rootz
Halo Corp Co. Ltd
Mercer Foods LLC
Mevive International Food Ingredients
SouthAm Freeze Dry
Verum Ingredients Inc
*- List Not Exhaustive
Chapter 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 2. Introduction to Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market
2.1. Market Overview
2.2. Key Statistics and Report Highlights
2.3. Scope of the Comprehensive Study
2.3.1. Market Definition
2.3.2 Countries and Regions Covered
2.3.3 Research Objective
2.3.4 Units, Currency, and Conversions
2.3.5 Industry Value Chain
2.4. Key Market Segments
2.5. Key Companies
2.6. Study Period
Chapter 3. Strategic Analysis Review
3.1. Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Pricing Analysis and Forecast
3.2. Porter’s Five Forces
3.3. Market Ecosystem
3.4. SWOT Analysis
3.5. Regulatory Scenario
3.3. Effects of Inflation, Russia-Ukraine War, moderating economic growth, and other macroeconomic factors
Chapter 4. Competitive Landscape
4.1. Market Share Analysis
4.1.1. Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Share by Company, 2023
4.1.2. Product Offerings of Leading Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Companies
4.2. Market Entropy
4.2.1. New Product Launches in the Industry
4.2.2. Mergers, Acquisitions, Joint ventures, and Partnerships
4.3. Key Strategies and Best Practices
Chapter 5. Global Market Projections: Best, Reference, and Low Case Scenarios
5.1. Growth Analysis- Case Scenario Definitions
5.2. Low Growth Case Scenario Forecasts
5.3. Reference Growth Case Scenario Forecasts
5.4. High Growth Case Scenario Forecasts
Chapter 6. Market Dynamics
6.1. Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Drivers
6.2. Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Challenges
6.6. Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Opportunities
6.4. Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Trends
Chapter 7. Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Outlook Trends
7.1. Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) and CAGR (%) by Type (2021-2032)
7.2. Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) and CAGR (%) by Application (2021-2032)
7.3. Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) and CAGR (%) by Product (2021-2032)
By Vegetable
Onion
Tomato
Potato
Carrot
Cabbage
Beans
Corn
Mushroom
Others
By Application
Ready-to-cook Food
Functional Food & Beverages
Dietary Supplements
Infant Food
Foodservice
Chapter 8. Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.1. Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Regions (2021- 2032)
8.2. North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Country (2021-2032)
8.2.1. United States Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.2.2. Canada Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.2.3. Mexico Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.3. Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million), by Country (2021-2032)
8.3.1. Germany Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.3.2. France Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.3.3. United Kingdom Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.3.4. Spain Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.3.5. Italy Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.3.6. Russia Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.3.7. Rest of Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.4. Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Country (2021-2032)
8.4.1. China Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.4.2. Japan Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.4.3. India Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.4.4. South Korea Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.4.5. Australia Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.4.6. South East Asia Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.4.7. Rest of Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.5. South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million), by Country (2021-2032)
8.5.1. Brazil Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.5.2. Argentina Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.5.3. Rest of South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.6. Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Country (2021-2032)
8.6.1. Middle East Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
8.6.2. Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Regional Analysis and Outlook
Chapter 9. North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Analysis and Outlook
9.1. North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Segments (2021-2032)
9.1.1. North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Type (2021-2032)
9.1.2. North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Application (2021-2032)
9.1.3. North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Product (2021-2032)
By Vegetable
Onion
Tomato
Potato
Carrot
Cabbage
Beans
Corn
Mushroom
Others
By Application
Ready-to-cook Food
Functional Food & Beverages
Dietary Supplements
Infant Food
Foodservice
Chapter 10. Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Analysis and Outlook
10.1. Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million), by Segments (USD Million) (2021-2032)
10.1.1. Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Type (2021-2032)
10.1.2. Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Application (2021-2032)
10.1.3. Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Product (2021-2032)
By Vegetable
Onion
Tomato
Potato
Carrot
Cabbage
Beans
Corn
Mushroom
Others
By Application
Ready-to-cook Food
Functional Food & Beverages
Dietary Supplements
Infant Food
Foodservice
Chapter 11. Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Analysis and Outlook
11.1. Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million), and Revenue (USD Million) by Segments (2021-2032)
11.1.1. Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Type (2021-2032)
11.1.2. Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Application (2021-2032)
11.1.3. Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Product (2021-2032)
By Vegetable
Onion
Tomato
Potato
Carrot
Cabbage
Beans
Corn
Mushroom
Others
By Application
Ready-to-cook Food
Functional Food & Beverages
Dietary Supplements
Infant Food
Foodservice
Chapter 12. South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Analysis and Outlook
12.1. South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million), by Segments (2021-2032)
12.1.1. South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Type (2021-2032)
12.1.2. South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Application (2021-2032)
12.1.3. South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Product (2021-2032)
By Vegetable
Onion
Tomato
Potato
Carrot
Cabbage
Beans
Corn
Mushroom
Others
By Application
Ready-to-cook Food
Functional Food & Beverages
Dietary Supplements
Infant Food
Foodservice
Chapter 13. Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Analysis and Outlook
13.1. Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million), by Segments (2021-2032)
13.1.1. Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Type (2021-2032)
13.1.2. Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Application (2021-2032)
13.1.3. Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) by Product (2021-2032)
By Vegetable
Onion
Tomato
Potato
Carrot
Cabbage
Beans
Corn
Mushroom
Others
By Application
Ready-to-cook Food
Functional Food & Beverages
Dietary Supplements
Infant Food
Foodservice
Chapter 14. Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Company Profiles
14.1 Business Overview
14.2 Product Profiles
14.3 SWOT Profiles
14.5 Recent Developments
14.6 Financial Profile
List of Companies
Chaucer Foods Ltd
DHM Ingredients
European freeze Dry
Freeze Dry Foods GmbH
Green Rootz
Halo Corp Co. Ltd
Mercer Foods LLC
Mevive International Food Ingredients
SouthAm Freeze Dry
Verum Ingredients Inc
15. Methodology and Data Sources
15.1 Customization Offerings
15.2 Subscription Services
15.3 Related Reports
15.4 Publisher Expertise
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Market Segmentation Analysis
Table 2 Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Share of Leading Companies, 2023
Table 3 Product Offerings of Leading Companies
Table 4 Low Growth Scenario Forecasts
Table 5 Reference Case Growth Scenario
Table 6 High Growth Case Scenario
Table 7 Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) And CAGR (%) By Type (2021-2032)
Table 8 Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) And CAGR (%) By Application (2021-2032)
Table 9 Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) And CAGR (%) By Product (2021-2032)
Table 10 Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Revenue (USD Million) By Regions (2021-2032)
Table 11 Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Share (%) By Regions (2021-2032)
Table 12 North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Table 13 Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Table 14 Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Table 15 South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Table 16 Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Region (2021-2032)
Table 17 North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Type (2021-2032)
Table 18 North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Application (2021-2032)
Table 19 North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Product (2021-2032)
Table 20 Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Type (2021-2032)
Table 21 Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Application (2021-2032)
Table 22 Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Product (2021-2032)
Table 23 Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Type (2021-2032)
Table 24 Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Application (2021-2032)
Table 25 Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Product (2021-2032)
Table 26 South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Type (2021-2032)
Table 27 South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Application (2021-2032)
Table 28 South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Product (2021-2032)
Table 29 Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Type (2021-2032)
Table 30 Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Application (2021-2032)
Table 31 Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Product (2021-2032)
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Market Scope
Figure 2. Pricing Forecasts Per Unit, 2023- 2032
Figure 3. Porter’s Five Forces
Figure 4. Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Revenue (USD Million) By Regions (2021-2032)
Figure 5. Global Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Market Share (%) By Regions (2023)
Figure 6. North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 7. United States Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 8. Canada Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 9. Mexico Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 10. Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 11. Germany Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 12. France Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 13. United Kingdom Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 14. Spain Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 15. Italy Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 16. Russia Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 17. Rest of Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 11. Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 12. China Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 13. Japan Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 14. India Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 15. South Korea Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 16. Australia Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 17. South East Asia Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 18. South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 19. Brazil Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 20. Argentina Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 21. Rest of Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Country (2021-2032)
Figure 22. Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Region (2021-2032)
Figure 23. Saudi Arabia Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Region (2021-2032)
Figure 24. The UAE Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Region (2021-2032)
Figure 25. Rest of Middle East Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Region (2021-2032)
Figure 26. South Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Region (2021-2032)
Figure 27. Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Region (2021-2032)
Figure 28. North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Type (2021-2032)
Figure 29. North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Application (2021-2032)
Figure 30. North America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Product (2021-2032)
Figure 31. Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Type (2021-2032)
Figure 32. Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Application (2021-2032)
Figure 33. Europe Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Product (2021-2032)
Figure 34. Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Type (2021-2032)
Figure 35. Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Application (2021-2032)
Figure 36. Asia Pacific Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Product (2021-2032)
Figure 37. South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Type (2021-2032)
Figure 38. South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Application (2021-2032)
Figure 39. South America Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Product (2021-2032)
Figure 40. Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Type (2021-2032)
Figure 41. Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Application (2021-2032)
Figure 42. Middle East and Africa Freeze dried Vegetable Powder Revenue (USD Million) By Product (2021-2032)
By Vegetable
Onion
Tomato
Potato
Carrot
Cabbage
Beans
Corn
Mushroom
Others
By Application
Ready-to-cook Food
Functional Food & Beverages
Dietary Supplements
Infant Food
Foodservice
Countries Analyzed
North America (US, Canada, Mexico)
Europe (Germany, UK, France, Spain, Italy, Russia, Rest of Europe)
Asia Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, South East Asia, Rest of Asia)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of South America)
Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Rest of Middle East, South Africa, Egypt, Rest of Africa)
Global Freeze-dried Vegetable Powder Market Size is valued at $XX Million in 2024 and is forecast to register a growth rate (CAGR) of 8.1% to reach $XX Million by 2032.
Emerging Markets across Asia Pacific, Europe, and Americas present robust growth prospects.
Chaucer Foods Ltd, DHM Ingredients, European freeze Dry, Freeze Dry Foods GmbH, Green Rootz, Halo Corp Co. Ltd, Mercer Foods LLC, Mevive International Food Ingredients, SouthAm Freeze Dry, Verum Ingredients Inc
Base Year- 2023; Estimated Year- 2024; Historic Period- 2018-2023; Forecast period- 2024 to 2032; Currency: Revenue (USD); Volume